3/2015 - 11 |
An Analysis of a Hard Real-Time Execution Environment Extension for FreeRTOSSTANGACIU, C. , MICEA, M. , CRETU, V. |
Extra paper information in |
Click to see author's profile in SCOPUS, IEEE Xplore, Web of Science |
Download PDF (1,624 KB) | Citation | Downloads: 1,713 | Views: 5,001 |
Author keywords
jitter, operating systems, performance analysis, real time systems, scheduling algorithm
References keywords
time(15), real(15), systems(11), freertos(10), operating(7), kernel(6), scheduling(5), micea(5), cretu(5), hierarchical(4)
Blue keywords are present in both the references section and the paper title.
About this article
Date of Publication: 2015-08-31
Volume 15, Issue 3, Year 2015, On page(s): 79 - 86
ISSN: 1582-7445, e-ISSN: 1844-7600
Digital Object Identifier: 10.4316/AECE.2015.03011
Web of Science Accession Number: 000360171500011
SCOPUS ID: 84940783536
Abstract
FreeRTOS is a popular real-time operating system, which has been under a significant attention in the last years due to its main advantages: it is open source, portable, well documented and implemented on more than 30 architectures. FreeRTOS execution environment is dynamic, preemptive and priority based, but it is not suitable for hard real-time tasks, because it provides task execution determinism only to a certain degree and cannot guarantee the absence of task execution jitter. As a solution to this problem, we propose a hard real time execution extension to FreeRTOS in order to support a particular model of HRT tasks, called ModXs, which are executed with no jitter. This article presents a detailed analysis, in terms of scheduling, task execution and memory usage of this hard real time execution environment extension. The article is concluding with the advantages this extension brings to the system compared to the small memory and timing overhead introduced. |
References | | | Cited By «-- Click to see who has cited this paper |
[1] C. S. Stangaciu, M. V. Micea, and V. I. Cretu, "Hard Real-Time Execution Environment Extension for FreeRTOS," in IEEE International Symposium on RObotic and SEnsors Environments (ROSE 2014), Timisoara, 2014, pp. Page(s): 124 - 129
[2] K. Andersson and R. Andersson, "A comparison between FreeRTOS and RTLinux in embedded real-time systems," Linkoping University, no. 2005. [3] G. Salenby and D. Lundgren, "Comparison of scheduling in FreeRTOS and eCos," 2006. [4] R. Goyette, "An Analysis and Description of the Inner Workings of the FreeRTOS Kernel," vol. SYSC5701: Operating System Methods for Real-Time Applications, 1st ed: Carleton University Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, 2007. [5] T. Xu, J. Lukkien, P. van der Stok, I. P. Verhoeven, and I. B. Mesman, "Performance benchmarking of FreeRTOS and its Hardware Abstraction," ed: Technische Universitet, 2008. [6] W. L. Andrade, P. D. Machado, E. L. Alves, and D. R. Almeida, "Test case generation of embedded real-time systems with interruptions for FreeRTOS," in Formal Methods: Foundations and Applications, ed: Springer, 2009, ISBN: 3642104517, pp. 54-69. [7] R. Inam, J. Maki-Turja, M. Sjodin, and M. Behnam, "Hard real-time support for hierarchical scheduling in FreeRTOS," in Proceedings of 7th annual workshop on Operating Systems Platforms for Embedded Real-Time Applications July 5th, 2011 in Porto, Portugal: in conjunction with the 23rd Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems, Portugal, July 6-8, 201, 2011, pp. 51-60. [8] R. Inam, J. Maki-Turja, M. Sjodin, S. M. Ashjaei, and S. Afshar, "Support for hierarchical scheduling in FreeRTOS," in Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation (ETFA), 2011 IEEE 16th Conference on, 2011, pp. 1-10. [CrossRef] [SCOPUS Times Cited 25] [9] M. Simonovic and L. Saranovac, "Power management implementation in FreeRTOS on LM3S3748," Serbian Journal of Electrical Engineering, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 199-208, 2013. [10] R. I. Davis and A. Burns, "Hierarchical fixed priority pre-emptive scheduling," in Real-Time Systems Symposium, 2005. RTSS 2005. 26th IEEE International, 2005, pp. 10 pp.-398. [CrossRef] [SCOPUS Times Cited 174] [11] G. Lipari and E. Bini, "A methodology for designing hierarchical scheduling systems," Journal of Embedded Computing, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 257-269, 2005. [12] R. Barry, Using the FreeRTOS real time kernel: a practical guide: Real Time Engineers Limited, 2009, ISBN: 978-1446169971. [13] M. V. Micea, V. Cretu, and V. Groza, "Predictable Signal Generation with the Hard Real-Time Operating Kernel HARETICK," in Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, IMTC Proceedings of the IEEE 2005, pp. 2097-2102. [CrossRef] [SCOPUS Times Cited 2] [14] M. V. Micea and V. I. Cretu, "Highly predictable execution support for critical applications with HARETICK kernel," AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications, vol. 59, no. 5, pp. 278-287, 2005. [CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 7] [SCOPUS Times Cited 9] [15] M. V. Micea, V. I. Cretu, and V. Groza, "Maximum predictability in signal interactions with HARETICK kernel," Instrumentation and Measurement, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 55, no. 4, pp. 1317-1330, 2006. [CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 12] [SCOPUS Times Cited 14] [16] S. Deshmukh and N. Mhala, "Comparison of Open Source RTOSs Using Various Performance Parameters," International Journal of Electronics Communication and Computer Engineering, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 86-91, 2013. [17] M. V. Micea, C. Certejan, V. Stangaciu, R. Goarga, V. Cretu, and E. Petriu, "Inter-Task Communication and Synchronization in the Hard Real-Time Compact Kernel HARETICK," in 2008 International Workshop on Robotic and Sensors Environments, 2008, pp. 19-24. [CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 3] [SCOPUS Times Cited 7] [18] S. Baskiyar and N. Meghanathan, "A survey of contemporary real-time operating systems," Informatica (Slovenia), vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 233-240, 2005. [19] R. V. Aroca, G. Caurin, and S. Carlos-SP-Brasil, "A real time operating systems (RTOS) comparison," in Workshop de Sistemas Operacionais (Operating Systems)(WSO'2009), 2009. [20] S. C. Lee, S. E. Ong, and N. B. Z. Ali, "Test Methodology for Real-Time Operating System," Bulletin of Networking, Computing, Systems, and Software, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 10-12, 2014. Web of Science® Citations for all references: 22 TCR SCOPUS® Citations for all references: 231 TCR Web of Science® Average Citations per reference: 1 ACR SCOPUS® Average Citations per reference: 11 ACR TCR = Total Citations for References / ACR = Average Citations per Reference We introduced in 2010 - for the first time in scientific publishing, the term "References Weight", as a quantitative indication of the quality ... Read more Citations for references updated on 2025-01-19 11:10 in 43 seconds. Note1: Web of Science® is a registered trademark of Clarivate Analytics. Note2: SCOPUS® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. Disclaimer: All queries to the respective databases were made by using the DOI record of every reference (where available). Due to technical problems beyond our control, the information is not always accurate. Please use the CrossRef link to visit the respective publisher site. |
Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Romania
All rights reserved: Advances in Electrical and Computer Engineering is a registered trademark of the Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, photocopied, recorded or archived, without the written permission from the Editor. When authors submit their papers for publication, they agree that the copyright for their article be transferred to the Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Romania, if and only if the articles are accepted for publication. The copyright covers the exclusive rights to reproduce and distribute the article, including reprints and translations.
Permission for other use: The copyright owner's consent does not extend to copying for general distribution, for promotion, for creating new works, or for resale. Specific written permission must be obtained from the Editor for such copying. Direct linking to files hosted on this website is strictly prohibited.
Disclaimer: Whilst every effort is made by the publishers and editorial board to see that no inaccurate or misleading data, opinions or statements appear in this journal, they wish to make it clear that all information and opinions formulated in the articles, as well as linguistic accuracy, are the sole responsibility of the author.