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Stefan cel Mare
University of Suceava
Faculty of Electrical Engineering and
Computer Science
13, Universitatii Street
Suceava - 720229
ROMANIA

Print ISSN: 1582-7445
Online ISSN: 1844-7600
WorldCat: 643243560
doi: 10.4316/AECE


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  2/2015 - 2

The Effect of Images on Surface Potential and Resistance Calculation of Grounding Systems

MARTINS, A. See more information about MARTINS, A. on SCOPUS See more information about MARTINS, A. on IEEExplore See more information about MARTINS, A. on Web of Science, MARIANO, S. See more information about  MARIANO, S. on SCOPUS See more information about  MARIANO, S. on SCOPUS See more information about MARIANO, S. on Web of Science, CALADO, M. See more information about CALADO, M. on SCOPUS See more information about CALADO, M. on SCOPUS See more information about CALADO, M. on Web of Science
 
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Download PDF pdficon (897 KB) | Citation | Downloads: 1,517 | Views: 5,320

Author keywords
electric potential, electricity supply industry, grounding, moment methods, standards

References keywords
systems(13), analysis(10), power(9), soils(7), soil(7), layer(5), transmission(4), model(4), method(4), earth(4)
Blue keywords are present in both the references section and the paper title.

About this article
Date of Publication: 2015-05-31
Volume 15, Issue 2, Year 2015, On page(s): 9 - 16
ISSN: 1582-7445, e-ISSN: 1844-7600
Digital Object Identifier: 10.4316/AECE.2015.02002
Web of Science Accession Number: 000356808900002
SCOPUS ID: 84979819401

Abstract
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In the grounding systems with a two layers soil, the calculation of the surface potential using the image method is sometimes impossible due to singularities, avoiding researchers to use the method for electrodes in the bottom layer. In the literature this problem solution is refereed as unreliable or solved with other more complex methods. This paper presents a new approach to calculate the surface potentials in a two. layer soil, for electrodes in the bottom layer, when images are at surface. The singularities in computing surface voltage, when the first image upwards lies at surface, are analysed and it's shown that a small change in top layer thickness allows an approximate solution. Surface potentials due to grid conductor are also considered and the values of resistance are compared with those from other methodologies. Singularities for a ground rod that crosses the two layers are also treated. The obtained values of resistance are not satisfactory, due to lower segments images that overlap the upper segments. This paper also proposes shifting the surface of the upper part of the ground rod, in the upper layer, or taking the modulus of the mutual resistance, to overcome this difficulty.


References | Cited By  «-- Click to see who has cited this paper

[1] S. Berberovic, Z. Haznadar, Z. Stih, "Method of Moments in analysis of grounding systems," Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 351-360, 2003.
[CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 13] [SCOPUS Times Cited 23]


[2] C. Sharma, S. De Four, "Parametric analysis of grounding systems in two-layer earth using Galerkin's Moment Method", in Proc. IEEE/PES P-Trans. Distrib. Conf., Dallas, TX, 21-24 May 2006, pp. 541-547.

[3] I. Colominas, J. Gomez-Calvino, F. Navarrina, M. Casteleiro, "A general numeric model for grounding analysis in layered soils," Advances in Engineering Software, vol. 33, no. 7-10, pp. 641-649, 2002.
[CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 11] [SCOPUS Times Cited 13]


[4] I. Colominas, F. Navarrina, M. Casteleiro, "A Numerical formulation for grounding analysis in stratified soils," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 587-595, 2002.
[CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 43] [SCOPUS Times Cited 61]


[5] I. Colominas, J. Aneiros, F. Navarrina, M. Casteleiro, "A BEM formulation for computational design of grounding systems in stratified soils," in Proc. 4th World Congress on Computational Mechanics, Buenos Aires, Argentine, 29 June-2 July 1998, pp. 1-17.

[6] U. Adriano, O. Bottauscio, M. Zucca, "Boundary Element approach for the analysis and design of grounding systems in presence of non-homogeneousness," IEE Proceedings - Generation, Transmission and Distribution, vol. 150, no. 3, pp. 360 - 366, May, 2003.
[CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 13] [SCOPUS Times Cited 18]


[7] T. Islam, Z. Chik, M. M. Mustafa, and H. Sanusi, "Estimation of soil electrical properties in a multilayer earth model with Boundary Element formulation," Mathematical Problems in Engineering, vol. 2012, pp. 1-13, 2012.
[CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 7] [SCOPUS Times Cited 13]


[8] L. M. Coa, "Comparative study between IEEE Std.80-2000 and Finite Elements Method application for grounding system analysis," in Proc. IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference, Caracas, Venezuela, 15-18 August 2006, pp. 1-5.

[9] J. Ma, F. P. Dawalibi, R. D. Southey, "On the equivalence of uniform and two-layer soils to multilayer soils in the analysis of grounding systems," IEE Proceedings - Generation, Transmission and Distribution, vol. 143, no. 1, pp. 49-55, January 1996.
[CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 28] [SCOPUS Times Cited 36]


[10] Liu, Theethayi, Thottappillil, Gonzalez, Zitnik, "An improved model for soil ionization around grounding systems and its application to stratified soil," Journal of Electrostatics, vol. 60, no. 2-4, pp. 203-209, 2004.
[CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 26] [SCOPUS Times Cited 42]


[11] Enrique Mombello, Oscar Trad, Jorge Rivera, Alberto Andreoni, "Two-layer soil model for power station grounding system calculation considering multilayer soil stratification," Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 67-78, 1996.
[CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 12] [SCOPUS Times Cited 16]


[12] Y. Khan, F. R. Pazheri, N. H. Malik, A. A. Al-Arainy, M. I. Qureshi, "Novel approach of estimating grounding rod optimum dimensions in high resistivity soils," Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 92, pp. 145-154, 2012.
[CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 7] [SCOPUS Times Cited 11]


[13] S. Meliopoulos, "Power system grounding and transients: An Introduction (Electrical and Computer Engineering)", pp. 135, Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1988.

[14] E. B. Joy, A. P. Meliopoulos and R. P. Webb, "Touch and Step calculations for substation grounding systems," abstract paper A 79-052-2, IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems, vol. 98, no. 4, pp. 1143, 1979.

[15] J. Trifunovic, M. Kostic, "Analysis of influence of imperfect contact between grounding electrodes and surrounding soil on electrical properties of grounding loops," Electrical Engineering, vol. 96, no. 3, pp. 255-265, 2014.
[CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 14] [SCOPUS Times Cited 15]


[16] Jovan Nahmana, Ivica Paunovicb, "Mesh voltages at earthing grids buried in multi-layer soil," Electrical Power Systems Research, vol. 80, no 5, pp. 556-561, May 2010.
[CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 15] [SCOPUS Times Cited 16]


[17] Guemes, J.A., Hernando, F.E, "Method for calculating the ground resistance of grounding grids using FEM," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 595-600, April 2004.
[CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 40] [SCOPUS Times Cited 63]


[18] IEEE Std 142-2007 (Revision of IEEE Std 142-1991) - IEEE Recommended practice for grounding of industrial and commercial power systems.

[19] V. Amoruso, M. Savino, M. Sylos Labini, "Analysis of large grounding systems for earth-resistance measurements in two layer soils," IEE Proceedings - Generation, Transmission and Distribution, vol. 136, no. 3, pp. 182-194, May 1989.

[20] G. F. Tagg, "Earth resistances", pp. 161-177, George Newues Limited, 1964.



References Weight

Web of Science® Citations for all references: 229 TCR
SCOPUS® Citations for all references: 327 TCR

Web of Science® Average Citations per reference: 11 ACR
SCOPUS® Average Citations per reference: 16 ACR

TCR = Total Citations for References / ACR = Average Citations per Reference

We introduced in 2010 - for the first time in scientific publishing, the term "References Weight", as a quantitative indication of the quality ... Read more

Citations for references updated on 2024-03-27 15:53 in 71 seconds.




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