3/2020 - 2 |
A Real Time Simulator of a Phase Shifted Converter for High Frequency ApplicationsGHERMAN, T. , PETREUS, D. , CIRSTEA, M. N. |
Extra paper information in |
Click to see author's profile in SCOPUS, IEEE Xplore, Web of Science |
Download PDF (1,850 KB) | Citation | Downloads: 1,043 | Views: 2,583 |
Author keywords
real-time systems, closed loop systems, field programmable gate arrays, high level synthesis, DC-DC power converters
References keywords
power(29), time(15), simulation(15), real(14), fpga(9), control(9), level(7), electronic(7), converter(7), loop(6)
Blue keywords are present in both the references section and the paper title.
About this article
Date of Publication: 2020-08-31
Volume 20, Issue 3, Year 2020, On page(s): 11 - 22
ISSN: 1582-7445, e-ISSN: 1844-7600
Digital Object Identifier: 10.4316/AECE.2020.03002
Web of Science Accession Number: 000564453800002
SCOPUS ID: 85090350007
Abstract
This paper presents a switched function FPGA-based Real Time Simulator (RTS) of a synchronous Phase Shifted (PS) converter. The design methods developed contribute to improving the accuracy, the portability, to lowering the cost and the resource demand of RTS models, enabling them to be easily deployed both in hardware in the loop (HIL) simulations, but also in error detection or health monitoring systems where these properties are essential. The research work carried out demonstrates the importance of reducing the simulation time step for avoiding false limit cycling behavior and obtaining an accurate closed loop response of the RTS. The very small time step (20 ns), not achievable with commercial real time simulation tools, helped in accurately modeling the time and frequency response of the converter for switching frequencies of 200 kHz (tested) and above. Although applied to a particular type of DC-DC converter, the methods presented can be used to successfully model a wide range of Switched Mode Power Supply (SMPS) topologies. An innovative hardware platform that enables running the real time simulation model in parallel with the reference converter and facilitates a comparative analysis that proves the fidelity of the RTS of the PS converter was also developed. |
References | | | Cited By «-- Click to see who has cited this paper |
[1] E. Perez and J. de la Ree, "Development of a real time simulator based on ATP-EMTP and sampled values of IEC61850-9-2," Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst., vol. 83, pp. 594-600, 2016. [CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 7] [SCOPUS Times Cited 8] [2] B. Li, H. Zhao, S. Gao, and S. Hu, "Digital real-time co-simulation platform of refined wind energy conversion system," Electr. Power Energy Syst., no. July, p. 105676, 2019. [CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 9] [SCOPUS Times Cited 17] [3] H. Bounechba, A. Bouzid, H. Snani, and A. Lashab, "Real time simulation of MPPT algorithms for PV energy system," Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst., vol. 83, pp. 67-78, 2016. [CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 64] [SCOPUS Times Cited 91] [4] X. Luo, Z. Zhong, and Y. Xiong, "A HIL Test Bench for FCHV Control Units," 2009 IEEE Veh. Power Propuls. Conf., pp. 1783-1787, 2009. [CrossRef] [SCOPUS Times Cited 5] [5] O. Craciun, A. Florescu, I. Munteanu, I. A. Bratcu, S. Bacha, and D. Radu, "Hardware-in-the-loop simulation applied to protection devices testing," vol. 54, pp. 55-64, 2014. [CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 28] [SCOPUS Times Cited 34] [6] A. Ben Hadid and K. Ben Saad, "HIL simulation of a DC-DC converter controller on a Zynq," in 2015 7th International Conference on Modelling, Identification and Control (ICMIC), 2015, pp. 1-5. [CrossRef] [SCOPUS Times Cited 10] [7] C. Washington and S. Delgado, "Improve Design Efficiiency and Test Capabilities with HIL Simulation," in 2008 IEEE AUTOTESTCON, 2008, pp. 539-549. [CrossRef] [SCOPUS Times Cited 8] [8] M. Yilmaz and P. T. Krein, "Review of charging power levels and infrastructure for plug-in electric and hybrid vehicles," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 28, no. 5, pp. 2151-2169, 2013. [CrossRef] [SCOPUS Times Cited 153] [9] M. Dagbagi, A. Hemdani, L. Idkhajine, M. W. Naouar, and I. Slama-Belkhodja, "ADC-Based Embedded Real-Time Simulator of a Power Converter Implemented in a Low-Cost FPGA: Application to a Fault-Tolerant Control of a Grid-Connected," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 63, no. 2, pp. 1179-1190, 2016. [CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 64] [SCOPUS Times Cited 91] [10] Y. Yonezawa, H. Nakao, and Y. Nakashima, "Novel Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation ( HILS ) Technology for Virtual Testing of a Power Supply," 2018 IEEE Appl. Power Electron. Conf. Expo., pp. 2947-2951, 2018. [CrossRef] [SCOPUS Times Cited 8] [11] L. Bao, L. Fan, and Z. Miao, "Real-Time Simulation of Electric Vehicle Battery Charging Systems," 2018 North Am. Power Symp., pp. 1-6, 2018. [CrossRef] [SCOPUS Times Cited 15] [12] E. Chai, I. Celanovic, and J. Poon, "Validation of Frequency- and Time-domain Fidelity of an Ultra-low Latency Hardware-in-the-Loop ( HIL ) Emulator," 2013 IEEE 14th Work. Control Model. Power Electron., pp. 1-5, 2013. [CrossRef] [SCOPUS Times Cited 8] [13] C. Liu, R. Ma, H. Bai, F. Gechter, and F. Gao, "A new approach for FPGA-based real-time simulation of power electronic system with no simulation latency in subsystem partitioning," Electr. Power Energy Syst., vol. 99, no. August 2017, pp. 650-658, 2018. [CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 34] [SCOPUS Times Cited 36] [14] M. Matar and R. Iravani, "FPGA Implementation of the Power Electronic Converter Model for Real-Time Simulation of Electromagnetic Transients," vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 852-860, 2010. [CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 135] [SCOPUS Times Cited 184] [15] A. Myaing and V. Dinavahi, "FPGA-Based Real-Time Emulation of Power Electronic Systems with Detailed Representation of Device Characteristics," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 58, no. 1, pp. 358-368, 2011. [CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 143] [SCOPUS Times Cited 181] [16] Ã. Jimenez et al., "Implementation of an FPGA-Based Online Hardware-in-the-Loop Emulator Using High-Level Synthesis Tools for Resonant Power Converters Applied to Induction Heating Appliances," vol. 62, no. 4, pp. 2206-2214, 2015. [CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 42] [SCOPUS Times Cited 47] [17] F. Montano, T. Ould-bachir, and J. P. David, "An Evaluation of a High-Level Synthesis Approach to the FPGA-Based Submicrosecond Real-Time Simulation of Power Converters," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 65, no. 1, pp. 636-644, 2018. [CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 49] [SCOPUS Times Cited 62] [18] S. Lucia, D. Navarro, O. Lucia, P. Zometa, and R. Findeisen, "Optimized FPGA Implementation of Model Predictive Control for Embedded Systems Using High-Level Synthesis Tool," IEEE Trans. Ind. Informatics, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 137-145, 2018. [CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 67] [SCOPUS Times Cited 84] [19] D. Tormo, L. Idkhajine, E. Monmasson and R. Blasco-Gimenez, "Evaluation of SoC-based embedded Real-Time simulators for electromechanical systems," IECON 2016 - 42nd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, Florence, 2016, pp. 4772-4777, [CrossRef] [SCOPUS Times Cited 10] [20] D. Tormo, Vidal-Albalate, L. Idkhajine, E. Monmasson, and R. Blasco-Gimenez, "Modular Multi-level Converter Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation on low-cost System-on-Chip devices," IECON 2018 - 44th Annu. Conf. IEEE Ind. Electron. Soc., vol. 1, pp. 2827-2832, 2018. [CrossRef] [SCOPUS Times Cited 7] [21] D. Tormo, R. Vidal-Albalate, L. Idkhajine, E. Monmasson, and R. Blasco-Gimenez, "Study of System-on-Chip Devices to Implement Embedded Real-Time Simulators of Modular Multi-Level Converters Using High-Level Synthesis Tools," 2018 IEEE Int. Conf. Ind. Technol., pp. 1447-1452. [CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 5] [SCOPUS Times Cited 5] [22] T. Gherman, D. Petreus and R. Teodorescu, "A Real Time Simulator of a PEV's On Board Battery Charger," 2019 International Aegean Conference on Electrical Machines and Power Electronics (ACEMP) & 2019 International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (OPTIM), Istanbul, Turkey, 2019, pp. 329-335, [CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 3] [SCOPUS Times Cited 3] [23] T. Gherman, D. Petreus and R. Teodorescu, "A Method for Accelerating FPGA Based Digital Control of Switched Mode Power Supplies," 2019 International Aegean Conference on Electrical Machines and Power Electronics (ACEMP) & 2019 International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (OPTIM), Istanbul, Turkey, 2019, pp. 322-328, [CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 4] [SCOPUS Times Cited 3] [24] J. S. Shen and P. A. Hsiung, "Dynamic Reconfigurable Network-on-chip Design: Innovations for Computational Processing and Communications". New York: IGI Global publisher, 2010, p136. [CrossRef] [SCOPUS Times Cited 19] [25] M. Lattuada and F. Ferrandi, "A Design Flow Engine for the Support of Customised Dynamic High Level Synthesis Flows," ACM Trans. Reconfigurable Technol. Syst., no. 12, pp. 1-26, 2019. [CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 5] [SCOPUS Times Cited 5] [26] M. F. Dossis, "Formal ESL Synthesis for Control-Intensive Applications," Adv. Softw. Eng., vol. 2012, pp. 1-30, 2012. [CrossRef] [27] D. K. Chaturvedi, "Modeling and Simulation of Systems using MATLAB® and Simulink". Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, 2010. [CrossRef] [SCOPUS Times Cited 52] [28] Power Electronics Real-time HIL Testing with FPGA Acceleration, Mathworks, Natick, MA, USA, 2019, p 31. [29] K. Palaniappan, B. Seibel, M. Cook and C. Dufour, "Real Time Hardware-in-the-Loop Validation of Common Bus Inverter Low Voltage Drives," 2019 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), Anaheim, CA, USA, 2019, pp. 2554-2558. [CrossRef] [SCOPUS Times Cited 3] [30] L. Corradini, D. Maksimovic, P. Mattavelli, and R. Zane, "Digital Control of High-Frequency Switched Mode Power Converters", 1st ed. Wiley-IEEE Press, 2015, pp 89-93, p 116, pp 165-217, pp 227-235. [CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 96] [SCOPUS Times Cited 195] [31] H. Jin, "Behavior-mode simulation of power electronic circuits," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 443-452, May 1997, [CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 75] [SCOPUS Times Cited 100] [32] T. H. Kim, S. J. Lee, and W. Choi, "Design and control of the phase shift full bridge converter for the on-board battery charger of electric forklifts," J. Power Electron., vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 113-119, 2012. [CrossRef] [SCOPUS Times Cited 50] [33] H. Nene, "Phase Shifted Full Bridge CCS User Guide," Texas Instruments, March 2012. [34] V. Vlatkovic, J. A. Sabatc, R. B. Ridley, F. C. Lee, and B. O. H. Cho, "Small-Signal Analysis of the Phase-Shifted PWM Converter," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 128-135, 1992. [CrossRef] [SCOPUS Times Cited 223] [35] M. B. Patil, V. Ramanarayanan, V. T. Ranganathan, "Simulation of power electronic circuits". Oxford: Alpha Science International, 2009, p 5.54. [36] A. V Peterchev and S. R. Sanders, "Quantization Resolution and Limit Cycling in Digitally Controlled PWM Converters," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 301-308, 2003. [CrossRef] [Web of Science Times Cited 460] [SCOPUS Times Cited 555] [37] PG172: Integrated Logic Analyzer LogiCORE, V6.2, Xilinx, San Jose, CA, USA, 2016. [38] PG159: Virtual Input / Output LogiCORE, V3.0, Xilinx, San Jose, CA, USA, 2018. [39] DC/DC Converter Stability, V3.3, OMICRON Lab, Houston, TX, USA, 2018. Web of Science® Citations for all references: 1,290 TCR SCOPUS® Citations for all references: 2,272 TCR Web of Science® Average Citations per reference: 32 ACR SCOPUS® Average Citations per reference: 57 ACR TCR = Total Citations for References / ACR = Average Citations per Reference We introduced in 2010 - for the first time in scientific publishing, the term "References Weight", as a quantitative indication of the quality ... Read more Citations for references updated on 2024-12-06 05:51 in 222 seconds. Note1: Web of Science® is a registered trademark of Clarivate Analytics. Note2: SCOPUS® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. Disclaimer: All queries to the respective databases were made by using the DOI record of every reference (where available). Due to technical problems beyond our control, the information is not always accurate. Please use the CrossRef link to visit the respective publisher site. |
Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Romania
All rights reserved: Advances in Electrical and Computer Engineering is a registered trademark of the Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, photocopied, recorded or archived, without the written permission from the Editor. When authors submit their papers for publication, they agree that the copyright for their article be transferred to the Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Romania, if and only if the articles are accepted for publication. The copyright covers the exclusive rights to reproduce and distribute the article, including reprints and translations.
Permission for other use: The copyright owner's consent does not extend to copying for general distribution, for promotion, for creating new works, or for resale. Specific written permission must be obtained from the Editor for such copying. Direct linking to files hosted on this website is strictly prohibited.
Disclaimer: Whilst every effort is made by the publishers and editorial board to see that no inaccurate or misleading data, opinions or statements appear in this journal, they wish to make it clear that all information and opinions formulated in the articles, as well as linguistic accuracy, are the sole responsibility of the author.